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superoxide mitochondria briefs

2 importance briefs tagged superoxide, including the current week and the archive.

• biorxiv2026-10-20score 94

  GLP-1 receptor agonists plus vorasidenib make peroxynitrite that kills mutant IDH glioma

  Taglang, Viswanath and colleagues show that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists synergize with the mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor vorasidenib in patient-derived and murine mutant IDH glioma. GLP1R agonists raise cyclic AMP and protein kinase A, then nitric oxide synthase 1-dependent nitric oxide. That NO S-nitrosylates aconitase and ribonucleotide reductase, which stalls the tricarboxylic acid cycle and DNA synthesis (cytostatic). Vorasidenib relieves D-2-hydroxyglutarate suppression of pyruvate dehydrogenase, raising mitochondrial superoxide without killing on its own. Together, NO and superoxide form peroxynitrite, which damages lipids and DNA and drives apoptosis. The named redox convergence is nitric oxide plus superoxide to peroxynitrite. Aconitase is the metal-site enzyme they inhibit by S-nitrosylation. They do not report 4Fe to 3Fe cluster conversion.

• biorxiv2026-07-29score 86

  Ringer loss weakens fruit-fly Complex I, raises superoxide, and matches a Complex I deficit in Parkinson disease brain

  Tillmon and colleagues place Ringer, the Drosophila homolog of human tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP), in the mitochondrial matrix and show that losing it lowers Complex I subunits, assembly factors, and enzymatic activity. The oxygen species they measure is superoxide. Complex I moves electrons from NADH through FMN into a chain of iron-sulfur clusters and out to ubiquinone at cluster N2, but this abstract never names which cluster or which core oxidation level failed. The Parkinson link is real as a claim and thin as a dataset: they say postmortem human brain shows similar deficits, without listing the human subunits.

Also: redox biology · computational · metabolism · therapeutics · structural biology · immunology · aging · neurobiology